Global manufacturing leaders are carefully considering the pros and cons of both.

China still leads the world in manufacturing, with close to 30% of the country’s economic output coming from this sector. Many industry experts and leading economists believe that China will no longer be the manufacturing powerhouse it once was within the next five years.

How the pandemic changed the manufacturing industry

The global pandemic caused a notable decrease in manufacturing production in 2020 due to containment strategies in economic and social lockdowns. Both had a significant impact on both supply and demand. 

Consumer demand declined overall due to uncertainties triggered by travel restrictions, remote working, business cessations, and job losses. At the same time, the production of many goods came to a halt worldwide for many months. 

A shift away from Made in China

For some major manufacturing companies, the pandemic spurred a sea-change in where they manufactured their product. The American Chamber of Commerce in Shenzhen, China, surveyed its manufacturing membership and learned that over 30 per cent were in the process of moving some of its manufacturing out of China.

In July 2020, Apple announced it was shifting the assembly of its iPhone 11, the most advanced model in its product line, from China to India.

A couple of weeks later, Samsung and several other Apple suppliers applied for the Indian government’s incentive program targeted towards large-scale manufacturers of electronic products, which would see a significant part of these companies’ manufacturing transferred to India.

In recent years, China has attempted to replace the term “Made in China” with “Engineered in China”: the country would no longer be known as the world’s factory, a cheap place for countries to outsource manufacturing. Chinese manufacturers have increased automation and switched to using robots instead. In these instances, up to 80 per cent of workers were sent home and replaced with specialized production line workers — typically experts in machine maintenance and machine learning. Mechanised factories boast much higher output with fewer errors and accidents, and a higher dependence on technology and automation meant wage costs were no longer critical.

With these changes, China is slowly losing its foothold in the global manufacturing sector for reasons with nothing to do with costs and output.

Other factors affecting this shift also include; trade tensions between China and the US (along with its western allies), the realization by global manufacturers during the pandemic of the flaw in the supply chain delivery due to over-reliance on one country for production, increased costs, and tariffs, and consumer sentiment of products made in China.

Even so, manufacturing in China is expected to recover in 2021, growing by 9 per cent.

The growth in manufacturing in India

By comparison, India is expected to grow by 10 per cent, recovering from significant economic strain during the pandemic.

The average age of a citizen in India is 28 years versus 38 years in China. This country has a massive population, and the demand for technology is high. Manufacturing overseas is not always about importing; it is also about global supply. If you have a product that appeals to 20 somethings or 30 somethings, manufacturing locally in India makes sense.

India is a lot less controversial geopolitically, and the Indian government is poised to capitalize on that notion.  

The government of India has launched several policies over the past few years to create a favourable environment and attract investment in manufacturing, with a focus on electronics manufacturing, including mobile phones, industrial electronics, consumer electronics, electronic components, computer hardware, and LED products.

Due to these commercially favourable initiatives, India’s electronics production has more than doubled in the last five years (2015-2020). According to the Indian Ministry of Electronics and Information technology, India’s electronics market is expected to reach US$132 billion by the end of 2021.

In China, manufacturing labour wages by location (in USD per hour) is $3.80 compared to India’s 0.70. Even with China’s focus on automation and robotics, labour in India is five times less than in China.

While the shift from solely or wholly manufacturing in China has seemingly begun, China will still be a global manufacturing hub. 

Perception of manufacturing locale 

Supply is synonymous with manufacturing. In economics, the rule of supply and demand states that if all other factors remain equal, the higher the price of a good, the fewer people will demand that good. For most, regardless of generation, price and availability are essential, if not the most important, in buying decisions. 

However, in economics, “movements” and “shifts” represent different market phenomena concerning supply and demand. 

In the past, companies chose to manufacture from an outside country due to price. Now other factors could negatively affect demand and brand perception.

Price, or cost of goods sold, is an easy measurement to evaluate in manufacturing. However, more and more companies see that consumer sentiment is a factor contributing to growth and demand.

Consumer sentiment is becoming an essential factor in manufacturing. After all, it does not matter how cheaply you can manufacture a product, whether that is in China or India, if the demand is not there or if consumers will choose a different, competitively priced product based on the manufacturer’s location.

A key question a company should ask is whether consumers would feel differently and ultimately decide to buy a product based on a “Made in India” label versus “Made in China.” 

For Gen Z and millennials, these two generations are much more brand conscious. In one study, 62% of millennials surveyed said buying from brands that support their own political and social beliefs is essential. In another study, Gen Z consumers are more likely to switch brands that meet specific values like sustainability. 

Stay ahead

Get regular insights

Keep up to date with the latest insights from our research as well as all our company news in our free monthly newsletter.

The role of research in manufacturing 

Moving the manufacture of parts or components to multiple countries is a huge undertaking. Deciding to enter a new market, along with evaluating manufacturers, can be incredibly daunting if “on the ground” knowledge is limited or non-existent. Commissioning a research agency to find out where to direct your attention is a crucial first step. Selecting a research company with direct market knowledge can save time and capital investment.

Understanding how your target audience perceives where your product is manufactured, alongside any impacts on demand, should be researched and evaluated. 

Read case studies from the Manufacturing sector here

Kadence International is proud to be announced a finalist for the 2021 Marketing Research and Insight Excellence Awards.

Known as the Quirk’s Awards, Kadence learned that placed as finalists under the Best New Product/Service Innovation category. The category honors a research product, tool or service making an impact on the marketing research industry.

The award nominations are open to all researchers worldwide. All attempts are made to ensure the judging is blind so that the judges do not know the name or company they are evaluating.

“Being named a finalist for a Quirk’s award is a huge accomplishment in itself” said Darren Lewis, Kadence International’s UK Country Manager.

“To be judged by your peers in the research industry, who know firsthand what “best in show” research truly looks like, means to be named a finalist is a badge of honor,” he said.

Even so, Lewis and the entire Kadence International team are hopeful of a win. Winners will be announced at a virtual awards ceremony held on November 9, 2021.

“Being a finalist in an award category that acknowledges an impact in the industry is humbling,” said Ramsey Yomen, who leads the Kadence International brand through the 10 countries it operates.

“Kadence has always been about pushing the boundaries in the research data and insight industry. Being named a finalist, and hopefully a winner, will prove we continue to be on the right track and forefront of innovation in research.”

Kadence International has won multiple industry awards in recent years including winning Gold as Consultant of the Year – Agency of the Year Awards, 2021 and Market Research Agency of the Year, Agency of the Year Awards, 2021. The international agency last won a Quirk’s Award in 2019 for Market Research Supplier of the Year.

Kadence International prides itself as a being a boutique, yet global marketing research agency. Whether it be strictly for delivering well-sourced data for company’s research divisions or conducting end to end full data research and insight reporting, Kadence delivers it all. With offices in 10 countries (USA, UK, India, Malaysia, Sinapore, Phillipines, Japan, Thailand, Indonesia and China), Kadence is provides research expertise across the globe.

Exploring the priorities of APAC’s business decision-makers —past, present, and future 

Download the summary of our latest report

The global business community was hit hard in 2020, with COVID-19 creating unprecedented challenges for organisations worldwide. 

Supported by Kadence International, Bloomberg Media embarked on a research program with 3800 executive business decision-makers in six markets across APAC —Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Hong Kong, Japan, and Australia in waves 1 – 4 and India and Vietnam in wave 5. 

Wave 1: 22nd April – 3rd May 2020 (n=714) 

Wave 2: 16th – 22nd June 2020 (n=700) 

Wave 3: 17th – 25th August 2020 (n=700) 

Wave 4: 2nd – 9th November 2020 (n=729) 

Wave 5: 5th – 23rd February 2021 (n=969)

Spanning five waves – from April 2020 to February 2021, we’ve stayed with business decision-makers at every step of the way —from the immediate aftermath of the outbreak to the economic reopening and beyond.

Not only does this research provide unparalleled insight into how organizations adapt during uncertain times, but it also helps us anticipate the key trends, challenges, and strategic focus areas for the future, which we will explore in this report.

Overall Business Outlook

The sustained roll-out of vaccines in major economies and more informed knowledge of controlling the virus has led to a positive outlook amongst decision-makers. More than half of the decision-makers (55%) anticipate a recovery period following the uncertainty of 2020. 

The pandemic has spurred the speed with which organisations embraced specific ideas and priorities, most notably in the areas of new technology, flexible work, commitment to staff wellbeing, and businesses’ roles in contributing towards a more sustainable and equitable world. 

Get more insights into how business decision-makers perceive the overall business landscape here by downloading our free report.

Critical concerns for business decision-makers 

For decision-makers, there has been a shift in areas of focus. During the first wave of this research conducted in April 2020, their top three concerns centred around the protection and safety of their employees, guarding against disruptions to business operations, and working capital and funding. 

Concerns around protecting employees against disease have remained consistent throughout the five waves; however, other focus areas have shifted. The fear of disruptions to business operations is far less prevalent today as organisations have innovated and painstakingly adapted to continue operating despite challenging conditions.  

Focus has shifted to facing the unknown, data security, and overcoming work visas and international travel issues. Compared to the pandemic’s start, more business decision-makers cite facing the unknown as a critical concern. Data security has come into sharper focus as a result of working conditions in the new normal. 

For 68% of the decision-makers, overseas business travel is either very or of utmost importance for meeting new and prospective clients and for training and development. This has brought the importance of mitigating work visas and international travel challenges posed by the pandemic. 

As decision-makers actively follow COVID news coverage to navigate the challenges posed by the pandemic, news organizations have played a significant role in supporting businesses. With 77% of business decision-makers telling us they use their smartphone more often to follow the news, we see smartphones playing an increasingly important role in accessing information. 

Get more in-depth analysis of the most significant business concerns for decision-makers. Download our free report here.

Priorities for the future —Harnessing technology is a top priority.

In the final research wave, we asked decision-makers to reflect on how their priorities have changed now compared to before the pandemic. Digital transformation was the predominant theme as businesses have had to make rapid changes to ride the pandemic and survive it. In fact, 82% attribute their company’s increased prioritisation of digital investment to COVID-19. This is not a short-term trend, and decision-makers will continue to harness technology for their companies in the future.  

According to the report, 77% expect their company’s overall technology budget to increase in the next 1 to 3 years. 

So, where do companies expect to be investing their digital spending? IT support tops the list as organisations recognize the importance of securing and installing new tools. 

Download our full report to find out what other areas are envisioned for increased tech budgets in 2021 and beyond.

Attitudes towards foreign investment

In the near future, business decision-makers are most confident that Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan are the markets they would like to invest in. 

This is because these top five countries are perceived to prosper across four critical pillars of market confidence: political stability, economic reopening, virus containment, and society’s resilience. 

Discover how APAC business decision-makers rate the factors that will play a critical role in informing which foreign countries to invest in the future by downloading our free report.

The role of the office

The pandemic caused a significant shift in the office’s role, with many companies moving fully remote and others offering the flexibility of a hybrid work model. 

Read the full report to learn what percentage of companies allowed the flexibility to work from home or office over the three waves.

Flexibility is not limited to where people work from, but also the hours they work. Working from home during the pandemic meant juggling household responsibilities, like childcare while schools were closed. Again, this trend is not short-term as many companies have made flexible work a part of their long-term strategy. 

Flexible work has not been without its share of challenges. Therefore, decision-makers are adopting new tools and methodologies. 

Find out which areas companies are focused on developing and how they are planning to overcome post-pandemic human resource challenges by downloading our full free report.

People Management

There has been an emphasis on physical and mental health both in their personal and business lives. Throughout the research, decision-makers have placed health and wellbeing on top of their list, considering it more important than their career and business, financial stability, and even relationships with family and friends.  

According to the research, 79% of business decision-makers say that their company has become more aware of safety, personal values, and their employees’ wellbeing. 

Read the full report to find out how decision-makers are translating this awareness of the health and wellbeing of their employees and how they plan on continuing to increase investments in their company’s healthcare and wellness programs. 

Decision-makers have also made helping employees manage their mental health a priority.

Companies are increasingly engaging with an expert or vendor to provide healthcare/wellbeing training or services for their staff. According to the research, this percentage has jumped from 55% in wave 4 (November 2020) to 66% in wave 5 (February 2021).

Businesses are considering several options to support staff, but mental health and stress management are on top of their list, with almost half (49%) of firms considering this. 

Discover the other top areas considered to enhance the company’s corporate wellness program by downloading our free report here.

Aligning personal and business values 

The pandemic experience has caused many people to re-evaluate what’s important to them, extending to the world of business. 

According to the research in wave 5 (February 2021), 75% of business decision-makers say they have placed greater emphasis on giving back to society. 

Not only is an increasing focus on altruism informing business strategy, but it’s also influencing brand choice. 

Read the full report to discover the two most prominent social causes that are the focus of decision-makers. 

After witnessing what might be the most challenging year in recent history, there’s a sense of optimism from APAC’s business decision-makers. 

With new shifts in the way we work and feel, there are evolving challenges. However, flexibility, wellbeing, and altruism are here to stay long-term, allowing business decision-makers to align their values with their commercial goals. 

In this research, we take a deep dive into major focus areas within each trend and discover what decision-makers consider their top priorities in the near future. If you need more detailed information to help make decisions for your organization or brand, download the full report here. 

Download the summary of our latest report

The automotive industry has a clear, shared vision of a dramatically transformed future with electronic vehicles, autonomous vehicles, connected cars, shared ownership, and subscriptions. But are consumers ready to transition just yet? The pandemic has changed how much people travel, and this leaves us with the big question: how will the economic damage caused by COVID impact the car industry?

To further understand where consumers stand and what economic recovery looks like for the automotive industry —one of the hardest hit by the pandemic —we looked at five significant trends. We explored what’s at stake for each of these five trends, evaluated the rate of progress, and put the spotlight on innovative brands and solutions leading the way.

  1. Post-COVID caution: A battered industry navigates massive uncertainty.
  2. Plugged In: The electronic vehicle revolution is happening but still powered by subsidies.
  3. In Control: Artificial Intelligence is enhancing, not replacing, human driving abilities.
  4. Connected Vehicles
  5. Older Drivers, Younger Drivers

Ｄownload the full report and read the summary of the top 5 trends shaping the future of the automotive industry, with a spotlight on the brands that are capitalising on these trends with their cutting-edge innovative solutions.

#1 Post-COVID caution: A battered industry navigates massive uncertainty.

According to analysts, Jato Dynamics, global new car sales fell by over 12% in 2020, that’s around twice the drop recorded in IEA figures for the worst year of the last financial crisis (2007-2008).

While this drop was only 2% in China, the automotive industry felt a heavy blow globally. France, Germany, the UK, and Brazil saw declines of over 20%.

Consumer behaviour changed dramatically, and while new car sales declined due to the pandemic, the automobile aftermarket flourished as people tried to preserve their existing vehicles. Consumers started putting off purchases of luxury cars, hybrids, and EVs.

The early COVID-19 spread brought with it a new innovative trend —virtual showrooms, whereby consumers could move all or at least some part of their car buying experience online. In many parts of the world, COVID restrictions will become a part of life indefinitely, and therefore, this trend is here to stay.

Learn more about how the pandemic has reshaped the automotive industry here by downloading our free report.

#2 Plugged In: The electronic vehicle revolution is happening but still powered by subsidies.

As with much of the electronic vehicle (EV) revolution, subsidies and regulation may be needed for mass EV adoption.

In Norway, subsidies and tax breaks make the cost of an EV virtually identical to that of a non-electric car. 74% of the new cars sold in Norway are EVs, whereas it’s just 2% in the US. In the USA and China, EV sales plateaued when subsidies were reduced or phased out.

In 2021, US President Joe Biden took a step toward cutting greenhouse gas emissions signing an executive order aimed at making half of all new vehicles sold in 2030 electric, a move made with backing from the biggest US automakers.

Amazon is started testing electric delivery vans in 2021. The vehicles were developed in partnership with start-up Rivian, which raised $8 billion from investors, including Amazon through its $2 billion Climate Pledge Fund. The fund includes an agreement to purchase 100,000 electric vehicles from the start-up as part of its ambitious push to make Amazon’s fleet run entirely on renewable energy. Each van has a range of 150 miles per charge.

Before consumers join the EV revolution, they want to know there is a plan for infrastructure for charging stations.

A Deloitte study showed that consumers were putting off plans to buy EVs due to price and driving range. With ranges for EVs now often well over 400km, that is taken care of, but there needs to be a visible EV infrastructure in terms of charging stations. Therefore, at the moment, innovators need to tackle the two most critical factors —price and infrastructure.

Wireless charging stations are an essential solution. Although the technology exists, firms don’t want to build the infrastructure without enough cars; and manufacturers don’t want to create more expensive wireless options without that infrastructure.

Learn more about how Electronic Vehicles or EVs are perceived and the challenges ahead here by downloading our free report.

#3 In Control: Artificial Intelligence is enhancing, not replacing, human driving abilities.

Even though Tesla has made huge strides with its self-driving cars, the adoption is still slow due to consumer trust issues.

Moreover, driverless cars pose problems —of AI, of laws and ethics, and public perception. 

In this scenario, autonomous vehicles with Driver Assistance Systems are becoming the norm in many markets. 

The ultra-high-end Cadillac Escalade Platinum, launched in Summer 2021, is the first vehicle to boast GM’s Super Cruise technology. The vehicle handles your highway driving for you on major mapped roads. However, your car monitors you and will warn you if you stop paying attention to the road for more than five seconds before switching back to manual.

AI is set to become more prevalent in vehicles, learn more about the challenges for these enhancements here.

#4 Connected Vehicles

So far, automotive and infrastructure innovation has happened chiefly at the individual car level. However, traffic jams and rush hours occur at a network level when all those individual cars interact.

We see a change in this direction as businesses and transportation planners recognize the idea of the “mobility ecosystem” —where software platforms can connect, manage and mitigate network-level inefficiencies between transport services and their users.

Navigation apps showing real-time traffic data are already being used widely. We also see more adoption of smart speed limits and smart traffic light systems.

The next generation of connected vehicles goes deeper and broader with tools that allow bikes or mobility scooters to connect to the same systems cars use. Connected vehicles also make fleet management —of buses or utility vehicles, more efficient.

What are the implications for individual drivers? For the mobility ecosystem to work, each car requires a digital identity. They do, however, present the issue of privacy.

Your car’s digital identity can also be linked to your own distinct identity as a driver, which makes the car more secure with keyless entry using facial or voice recognition and biometric sensors.

Our innovation spotlight is on Foxconn, the Chinese manufacturing giant which makes the iPhone. Foxconn is developing an EV platform that any brand can use to bring vehicles to market —in the same way as the Android phone platform. Foxconn bets that the real differentiator in the future EV market won’t be looks or performance; it’ll be the array of connected features and AI capabilities they possess.

A connected mobility ecosystem is one of the trends emerging in the transportation and automotive industry. Download our report to discover more about this emerging trend.

#5 Older Drivers, Younger Drivers

The automotive trends influenced by the ageing population and the changing expectations of Gen Z are creating significant changes. For older people, AI can help extend their driving lifetime. For the young, the big question is whether ownership will decline in favour of sharing and subscription mobility.

Late Millennial and Gen Z consumers are a post-ownership generation —they prefer renting to buying houses or vehicles. Car manufacturers have been trying to introduce the idea of Mobility-as-a-Service solutions, which replaces car ownership with car-sharing or subscription-based offers at a lower cost.

However, while Mobility-as-a-Service has had some successes in the bikes and e-Scooter sectors, especially in busy cities, it’s been tougher ask for cars.

Overall, we see a shift away from the brand to features and capabilities.

If you need more detailed information to help make decisions for your organisation or brand, download the full report here.

To learn more, download the full report: Automotive Trends For 2022

To learn more about how these trends, download the full report. Alternatively if you’d like to speak to us to understand more about how these trends are playing out in your market, get in touch.

Our lifestyle is still undergoing significant transformation in response to Covid. The overseas trend is getting blurred even more. Our Introduction to Overseas Trend’s seminars series is for getting rid of such a problem when considering overseas marketing research.

This time, our local team members from across our Southeast Asia offices introduced the lifestyle changes during the pandemic as well as provided anecdotes and case studies of the products and services that are rapidly growing in the region. Let’s catch up by watching the recordings below.

Watch the session in English

Watch the session in Japanese

Stay ahead

Get regular insights

Keep up to date with the latest insights from our research as well as all our company news in our free monthly newsletter.

Trusted by

Trusted by

We are delighted to share our recent successes at the Agency of the Year Awards in Singapore, winning 2 golds and 1 bronze. We took home Market Research Company of the Year Singapore as well as Consultant of the Year, marking the first time a market research company has ever won two awards in one year. Managing Director of Kadence Singapore, Phil Steggals, was also recognised with a bronze in the category of Agency Leader of the Year.

Commenting on the award successes, Phil said:

“Whilst the last year has presented more of challenge than many of us have faced previously, it also provided us with opportunities. We were able to maintain strong business performance through our existing partnerships with clients and were able to showcase the impact that research can have with new clients. I am extremely proud of all the team at Kadence for their energy, team spirit and resourcefulness in continuing to provide genuine openness and innovation to our clients.”

Stay ahead

Get regular insights

Keep up to date with the latest insights from our research as well as all our company news in our free monthly newsletter.

About the Agency of the Year awards

The Agency of the Year awards are organised by MARKETING-INTERACTIVE and seek to recognise Singapore’s top performing agencies. Finalists are assessed by a panel of esteemed client-side marketers to determine the standout agencies.

Our award wins:

Market Research Agency of the Year Singapore – GOLD

We are absolutely thrilled to have been named Singapore’s Market Research Agency of the Year for 2021! This is the second time that Kadence has won this award. We were also recognised as Market Research Agency of the Year (Singapore) in 2019. The judges commented on the concerted effort that Kadence took to help promote the impact that research can have, its flexibility to transition strategic projects from a real world to a digital setting and its focus on educating clients, helping them to minimise the challenge of operating with reduced research budgets.

Market Research Agency of the Year (Gold) - Kadence International

Consultant of the Year – GOLD

This is the second year in a row that Kadence has been recognised as Consultant of the Year, also taking home the gong in 2020. The judges recognised the pivot made to help clients minimise the changes brought about by the pandemic and the company’s commitment to being a thinking partner focused on innovation and resourcefulness.

Agency Leader of the Year – BRONZE

Managing Director of Kadence Singapore, Phil Steggals also picked up a bronze for Agency Leader of the Year, recognising his success in navigating the agency through the challenges of Covid-19. Phil was able to embody a community spirit amongst the team ensuring that help was available when needed during the uncertain times. He also oversaw a major pivot to digital methods and a consultative approach to understanding clients ever changing requirements.

Agency Leader of the Year (Bronze) - Philip Steggals

We’ve bolstered our India team, appointing Vipin Arora as an Executive Director.

Vipin will head up the Insight Practice in India. He’ll also lead the firm’s business development efforts, helping to build and nurture valued client relationships in the country.

Vipin has over 25 years’ industry experience. He brings expertise from senior positions at large research agencies including Kantar and Nielsen, as well as from disruptive digital start-ups leading the charge in online and mobile research.

Stay ahead

Get regular insights

Keep up to date with the latest insights from our research as well as all our company news in our free monthly newsletter.

“We’re delighted to welcome Vipin to the team” said Aman Makkar, Managing Director of Kadence International’s India office. “We’re committed to investing in the right people to strengthen our offering and Vipin brings a unique blend of experiences that will help us achieve this. His broad ranging research expertise will benefit our team as we seek to grow our Insight Practice, whilst his experience in online research will be invaluable in helping us further build our capabilities in this area to meet clients’ evolving needs.”